Masayendisiti anowana humbowo hwe187 taxonomic orders muma 20 litres emvura inounganidzwa kubva kune imwe yenzvimbo dzakaomarara paNyika.
Chikwata chemasayendisiti chinotungamirwa neWildlife Conservation Society (WCS) neAppalachian State University vakashandisa DNA yezvakatipoteredza (eDNA) kunyora zvipenyu zvealpine zvegomo refu refu pasi, iro 29,032-foot (8,849 metres) yakafara Mount Everest. Iri basa rakakosha chikamu cheiyo 2019 National Geographic uye Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest Expedition, yakakura kwazvo sainzi Everest expedition.
Vachinyora pamusoro pezvavakawana mujenari iScience, boka racho rakaunganidza eDNA kubva mumasampuli emvura kubva kumadhamu gumi uye hova pakadzika kubva pa 14,763 tsoka (4,500 metres) kusvika 18,044 tsoka (5,500 metres) kwemavhiki mana. Nzvimbo idzi dzinosanganisira nzvimbo dzemabhandi ealpine aripo pamusoro pemutsara wemuti uye ane mhando yemiti yemaruva uye shrub marudzi, pamwe chete nemabhanhire eeolian anowedzera kunze kwemiti yemaruva uye shrubs kumusoro mubhayosphere. Vakaona zvipenyu zve187 taxonomic orders kubva pamarita makumi maviri chete emvura, yakaenzana ne16.3%, kana chikamu chimwe chete pazvikamu zvitanhatu, yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemirairo inozivikanwa muMuti weHupenyu, muti wemhuri wezvakasiyana-siyana zvePasi.
eDNA inotsvaga huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasiiwa nezvisikwa nemhuka dzesango uye inopa inokwanisika, inokurumidza uye yakazara nzira yekuvandudza kugona kwetsvakiridzo yekuongorora kusiyanisa zvipenyu munzvimbo yemvura. Samples inounganidzwa pachishandiswa bhokisi rakavharwa rine sefa inoteya genetic material, inozoongororwa murabhoritari pachishandiswa DNA metabarcoding nedzimwe nzira dzekutevedzana. WCS inoshandisa eDNA kuwana zvipenyu zvisingawanzo uye zviri mungozi kubva kumahumpback whale kuenda kuSwinhoe softshell turtles, imwe yemhando dzisingawanzo kuwanikwa paNyika.
Kupisa mepu yekutevedzana kuverenga kwehutachiona hwakaonekwa uye hwakaiswa mu taxonomic kurongeka uchishandisa SingleM uye Greengene dhatabhesi kubva kune yega saiti.
Kunyangwe tsvagiridzo yaEverest yakanangana nekuzivikanwa kwechiyero-yekurongeka, timu yakakwanisa kuona zvipenyu zvakawanda kusvika kune genus kana mhando yemhando.
Semuyenzaniso, timu yakaona ma rotifers uye tardigrades, twumhuka twuviri tunozivikanwa kuti hunobudirira mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakaomarara uye dzakanyanyisa uye dzinoonekwa sedzimwe dzemhuka dzakasimba dzinozivikanwa pasi pano. Pamusoro pezvo, vakawana nhiyo yechando yeTibetan yakawanikwa muSagarmatha National Park uye vakashamisika kuwana mhuka dzakaita sembwa dzemumba nehuku dzinomiririra kukanganisa kwezviitiko zvevanhu panzvimbo.
Vakawanawo miti yemupaini inongowanikwa pazvikomo zviri kure kwazvo kubva kwavakaita sample, ichiratidza kuti mukume unopeperetswa nemhepo unofamba sei uchienda kumusoro munzvimbo idzi. Chimwe chisikwa chavakawana munzvimbo dzinoverengeka yaive mayfly, chiratidzo chinozivikanwa chekuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza.
Iyo eDNA inventory ichabatsira ramangwana biomonitoring yeakakwira Himalayas uye retrospective molecular zvidzidzo kuongorora shanduko nekufamba kwenguva sekudziya kwemamiriro ekunze, kunyungudika kwechando uye kukanganisa kwevanhu kunoshandura iyi inokurumidza kuchinja, ine mukurumbira pasirese ecosystem.
Dr. Tracey Seimon weWCS Animal Health Programme, mutevedzeri weboka reEverest Biofield uye muongorori mukuru, akati: “Kune zvinhu zvipenyu zvakawanda. Iyo alpine nharaunda, kusanganisira Mount Everest, inofanirwa kutariswa sekuenderera mberi kwenguva refu yekutarisa alpine biodiversity, mukuwedzera kune bioclimatic monitoring uye yemamiriro ekunze shanduko yekuongorora. ”
Dr Marisa Lim veWildlife Conservation Society vakati: “Takaenda kumusoro kwenyika kunotsvaka upenyu. Hezvino zvatakawana. Zvisinei, nyaya yacho haigumiri ipapo. kubatsira kuzivisa hungwaru hweramangwana."
Mutevedzeri mubati wenzvero yomumunda, munzveri weNational Geographic uye Associate Purofesa paAppalachian State University Dr. Anton Simon akati: “Zana ramakore rakapfuura, apo vakabvunzwa kuti, ‘Nei uchiendera kuEverest?’, mukwikwiri weBritain George Mallory akapindura, kuti, ‘Nemhaka yokuti yakanga iriko. Chikwata chedu cha2019 chaive nemafungiro akasiyana: takaenda kuMount Everest nekuti yaive neruzivo uye yaigona kutidzidzisa nezvenyika yatinogara.
Nekuita kuti iyi yakavhurika sosi dhatabheti iwanikwe munharaunda yekutsvagisa, vanyori vanotarisira kupa mukuedza kuri kuenderera mberi kwekuvaka zviwanikwa zvemamorekuru kudzidza uye kuronda shanduko mukusiyana kwezvipenyu mumakomo marefu ePasi.
Chinyorwa chinodudzwa: Lim et al., Kushandisa DNA yezvakatipoteredza kuongorora zvipenyu zveMuti weHupenyu kumaodzanyemba kweMount Everest, iScience (2022) Marisa KV Lim, 1Anton Seimon, 2Batya Nightingale, 1Charles SI Xu, 3Stefan RP Holloy, 4Adam J. Solon, 5Nicholas B. Dragon, 5Steven K. Schmidt, 5Alex Tate, 6Sandra Alvin, 6Aurora K. Elmore,6,7 naTracey A. Simon1,8,
1 Wildlife Conservation Society, Zoological Health Program, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY 10460, USA 2 Appalachian State University, Dhipatimendi reGeography uye Planning, Boone, NC 28608, USA 3 McGill University, Redpath Department of Museums and Biology, Montreal, H3A 0G4 , CanadaQ94 Department of Primary Industries, Wellington 6011, New Zealand 5 University of Colorado, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 6 National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, 20036, USAQ107 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver- Spring, MD 20910, USA 8 Lead Contact* Kukurukurirana
Chinangwa: WCS inoponesa mhuka dzesango nemhuka dzesango pasi rose kuburikidza nesainzi, kuedza kuchengetedza, dzidzo uye kukurudzira vanhu kuti vakoshese zvakasikwa. Kuzadzisa chinangwa chedu, WCS yakavakirwa paBronx Zoo, ichishandisa simba rakazara rechirongwa chayo chekuchengetedza chepasi rose, chinoshanyirwa gore negore nevanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni mana munyika dzinoda kusvika makumi matanhatu nemakungwa ese epasi, pamwe nemapaki mashanu emhuka muNew. York. WCS inounza pamwechete hunyanzvi hwayo munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka uye munzvimbo dzemumvura kuti iite basa rayo rekuchengetedza. Shanyira: newsroom.wcs.org Tevera: @WCSNewsroom. Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko: 347-840-1242. Teerera kune WCS Wild Audio podcast pano.
Senzvimbo yeruzhinji yeruzhinji muSoutheast, Appalachian State University inogadzirira vadzidzi kuti vararame hupenyu hunogutsa sevagari vepasi rose vanonzwisisa uye kutora basa rekugadzira ramangwana rakagadzikana kune vese. Chiitiko cheAppalachian chinosimudzira mweya wekubatanidzwa nekuunza vanhu pamwechete munzira dzinokurudzira dzekuwana nekugadzira ruzivo, kukura zvakazara, kuita neshungu uye kutsunga, uye kugamuchira kusiyana uye mutsauko. MaAppalachian, ari muBlue Ridge Mountains, ndeimwe yemakampasi gumi nemanomwe muYunivhesiti yeNorth Carolina system. Iine vadzidzi vangangosvika zviuru makumi maviri nerimwe, Appalachian University ine yakaderera yevadzidzi-faculty reshiyo uye inopa anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu ezvirongwa zvevakapedza kudzidza.
Kudyidzana kweNational Geographic naRolex kunotsigira nzendo dzekuongorora nzvimbo dzakanyanya kukosha panyika. Tichishandisa hunyanzvi hwesainzi hunozivikanwa pasi rose uye tekinoroji yekucheka-cheka kuburitsa ruzivo rutsva muhurongwa hwakakosha kuhupenyu hwePasi, nzendo idzi dzinobatsira masayendisiti, vanogadzira mitemo nenharaunda dzenzvimbo kuronga nekuwana mhinduro kumamiriro ekunze nemamiriro ekunze. Mamiriro ezvinhu ari kuchinja, achitaura zvishamiso zvenyika yedu kuburikidza nenyaya dzine simba.
Kweanoda kusvika zana ramakore, Rolex akatsigira vaongorori vanopayona vanotsvaga kusundira miganhu yekugoneka kwevanhu. Kambani yakatama kubva mukukurudzira tsvakiridzo yekutsvaga kuchengetedza pasi nekuita kuzvipira kwenguva refu kutsigira vanhu nemasangano vachishandisa sainzi kunzwisisa nekugadzira mhinduro kumatambudziko anhasi ezvakatipoteredza.
Kubatana uku kwakasimbiswa nekutanga kweForever Planet muna 2019, iyo yakatanga yakanangana nevanhu vanopa nyika iri nani kuburikidza neRolex Awards for Enterprise, kuchengetedza makungwa kuburikidza nekudyidzana neMission Blue, uye kuita kuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze iite. inonzwisiswa sechikamu chehukama hwayo neNational Geographic Society.
Iyo yakawedzerwa portfolio yehumwe hukama hwakagamuchirwa pasi pePerpetual Planet initiative ikozvino inosanganisira: polar expeditions inosundira miganhu yekuongorora pasi pemvura; One Ocean Foundation uye Menkab inochengetedza cetacean biodiversity muMediterranean; Xunaan-Ha Expedition inoratidza kunaka kwemvura muYucatan, Mexico; BIG expedition kuenda kuArctic muna 2023 kunotora data pamusoro pekutyisidzira kweArctic; Hearts In The Ice, zvakare kuunganidza ruzivo rwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze muArctic; uye Monaco Blue Initiative, ichiunza pamwechete nyanzvi mukugadzirisa kwekuchengetedza kwegungwa.
Rolex inotsigirawo masangano uye zvirongwa zvinosimudzira chizvarwa chinotevera chevaongorori, masayendisiti uye vanochengetedza kuburikidza nedzidzo uye zvipo zvakaita seWorld Underwater Scholarship Association uye Rolex Explorers Club Grant.
National Geographic Society isangano repasi rose risingaite purofiti rinoshandisa simba resainzi, tsvagiridzo, dzidzo, uye kutaura ngano kuvhenekera nekudzivirira mashura enyika yedu. Kubva 1888, National Geographic yanga ichisundira miganhu yekutsvagisa, kuisa mari mumatarenda akashinga uye mazano ekushandura, ichipa mari inodarika zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvevashandi mumakondinendi manomwe, inosvika mamirioni matatu evadzidzi pagore nezvipo zvedzidzo, uye kutora kutarisisa kwepasirese kuburikidza nemasaini. , nyaya uye zvirimo. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda, shanya www.nationalgeographic.org kana kutitevera pa Instagram, Twitter uye Facebook.
Chinangwa: WCS inoponesa mhuka dzesango nemhuka dzesango pasi rose kuburikidza nesainzi, kuedza kuchengetedza, dzidzo uye kukurudzira vanhu kuti vakoshese zvakasikwa. Yakavakirwa paBronx Zoo, WCS inoshandisa simba rakazara rechirongwa chayo chekuchengetedza pasi rose kuzadzisa chinangwa chayo, nevashanyi 4 miriyoni pagore munyika dzinoda kusvika makumi matanhatu nemakungwa ese epasi, pamwe nemapaki mashanu emhuka muNew York City. WCS inounza pamwechete hunyanzvi hwayo munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka uye munzvimbo dzemumvura kuti iite basa rayo rekuchengetedza. Shanyira newsroom.wcs.org. Nyorera: @WCSNewsroom. Rumwe ruzivo: +1 (347) 840-1242.
Co-muvambi weSpaceRef, nhengo yeExplorer Club, aimbova-NASA, timu yekushanyira, mutori wenhau, nzvimbo uye nyanzvi yezvenyeredzi, akatadza kukwira.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-10-2022